THE SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL ONE

THE SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL ONE

Polity and Freedom House are probably the most frequently used academic sources for democracy ratings. Polity has recently updated its scores to include 2005 and 2006. The scores are available at the Polity website.
In this two-year period, no semi-presidential countries were deemed by Polity to have collapsed (where collapse is taken as a move from a Polity 2 score of +1 or more to a score of 0 or less). By contrast, a number of countries entered the category of partially democratic countries (i.e. a score between +1 and +7 inclusive). They are Montenegro and Serbia as a result of the division of the former single country. In addition, Congo-Kinshasa entered the list of partially democratic countries with a score of +5 in 2006 when the semi-presidential constitution began. Guinea-Bissau (once again) entered the list of partially democratic countries with a score of +6 in 2005 and 2006. The same is true for Haiti with a score of +6 in 2006. Finally, Kyrgyzstan entered the list with a score of +3 in 2005 and +4 in 2006.
There are some interesting differences between Polity and Freedom House. In general terms, Freedom House is more likely to class a country as Partly Free than Polity (at least where a partly free Polity country is defined as one that scores +1 or more). This is true for countries such as Burkina Faso, and Gabon, for example. However, on the basis of the most recent Polity scores, Algeria has been classed as partly free since 2004, whereas it is still classed as Not Free by Freedom House. Also, whereas Freedom House began to class Russia as Not Free in 2004, Polity still classes Russia as Free in 2006. Indeed, its Polity score is +7, which is just below the standard +8 score for a consolidated democracy.
Polity IV - updated scores
Monday 19 May 2008